You can pirate all the hentai visual novels in the world and the government wouldn't care.
This
Basically, there are two ways you are "caught", and even then it's a dumb term.
The most common way is that your ISP forbids torrent traffic. The only thing they usually do is send you a letter saying stop it. If you haven't gotten one by now, you won't unless they change policy. They'll threaten to shut off your internet or in extremely rare cases, threaten to inform the police, but this is so rare that any ISP doing it is almost draconian.
The second way is that a company (99% a film of video game corporation) has a seeder on a torrent that tracks peoples information. They take this information to your ISP and say "turn this person over to us so we can sue them and press charges or we'll sue you." No media corporation would sue an ISP over shit like this. Your ISP, as of now, is not currently required to give up information on you to the police or government, they would have to get a court to police warrant and raid the ISP's servers for data. Your ISP, being that you're their customer and not their liability, usually does not give up customer information, as they'd have to send you a letter of notification saying they did so, or were threatened to. It's usually the latter. They do this because if they give up your info, all you have to do is just drop the ISP and get a new one. You are a profit, not a person. This is usually only done on films or rarely games that are just leaked onto torrent sites or put there after release, so they can catch all the people who will inevitably flock to it. They do have people on private trackers secretly doing this work. Unless you're handling in day zero movie or game releases, in which the companies end game is to catch the people doing it because suing 5000 civilians ends up in a lot of lost money, you're not going to get caught.
tl;dr: YOU ARE TERRIBLE AT KNOWING THINGS PLEASE STOP ASKING US IT'S LIKE YOU CANNOT HUMANLY USE COMMON SENSE OR EVEN HAVE THE CAPACITY TO DO A LITTLE SEARCHING AND READING