I don't intend to speak for all people who are against abortion, but I personally am also against the death penalty. That being said, I am sure that there are those who are opposed to abortion and not to the death penalty, but I do not think it true that they are opposed to abortion simply because they want to control women's bodies, and so I think my argument holds. I think what it comes down to for those people is still a belief in an intrinsic right to human life that is forsaken when someone commits a crime against another human being's right, and possibly also fear of that person. I do not agree with that notion, so I am obviously not the best person to give that argument and it has weaknesses in my opinion, but I still believe that their intentions in restricting abortion are good, not evil.
As for the next question, there is obviously a different political system in place then what I have here so I may make generalizations that are not true. In Canada, all abortions are funded by the province that you are in. I, personally, would rather see all that money go towards better childcare services and I think that they could be significantly improved if it were. Obviously, America is in a pretty drastic situation with regards to money and I do not think that abortions are federally funded there, but I would still think it a better alternative to put more money into childcare then to allow abortion. Childcare in most countries is neglected. Maybe that money doesn't exist in America - the money does exist in Canada and could easily bolster childcare here.
I have to go to class now, but when I get back I will address the hypothetical.
EDIT::
k, back now. For the hypothetical, I think that the scenario is to difficult to analyze effectively. I think that first of all, if the woman is not giving the child up for adoption it is fairly likely that she would not have had an abortion anyway. It suggests that she wants the child, and so no problems are avoided by legalizing abortion in this scenario as she would not abort anyway. As for bettering herself, it is not clear that not having a child will allow her to do so, nor is it clear that having a child will prevent her. I know of many women who are motivated to better themselves solely because they have a child to care for. Also, even though children born into a bad situation are not likely to overcome it, it is at least mildly troubling to use that as an excuse that they should not be alive or would be better off dead / never born.
Further, even if it is true in this case that having an abortion would better her situation or would be better in general, it is an extreme case in that most abortions do not happen in a situation as bad as this. As such, even if abortion is not morally wrong in a situation such as this, it does not suggest that abortion as a practice is not morally wrong.
To illustrate that a judgment in a special case does not necessarily validate the general case: I do not believe it to be morally wrong to commit murder in self-defense. If someone is attacking you and in your defense you end up killing them, then that is certainly not morally wrong, but it does not validate the more general hypothesis that murder is not morally wrong.
@Anski - Proof is not something I consider necessary to validate a moral truth. In fact, morality is not based on any proof or truth, but rather on collective agreement. Even in the Declaration of Independence, the wording is "We hold these truths to be self-evident...". It is the agreement on these things that is significant: "We hold". The "truths" are certainly not actually self-evident unless you believe in some intrinsic moral fibre of human nature. The holocaust is enough to suggest this to be false I should think. We can't prove the Holocaust to be wrong, we can only make judgments that say it is and that will either agree or disagree with others
Maybe there is some objective moral code; maybe the Holocaust would still be intrinsically wrong even if the Nazis had won and most people believed it was not - I don't know. However, if such a thing exists, there is certainly no way to scientifically prove what is wrong and what is right on the list. Thus your argument that something needs proof to be immoral, for me, suggests that morality cannot exist as no moral statement or judgment can be proven as right or wrong. I don't know, maybe I'm missing something.