Variables are numbers.
As an example you would use them for random occourances.
Var = random(4) // this means you will get a random of 1 - 4
if (Var == 0){
"I'll guess your name is Joe"
}
if (Var == 1){
"I'll guess your name is Tina"
}
if (Var == 2){
"I'll guess your name is Chloe"
}
if (Var == 3){
"Guessing games are retarted"
}
If you had
Var = 1
I guess your name would be Tina would show up no matter what.
Vars can hold numbers like how much gold you have or how many items (potions, herbs, ect) you are holding. You can make quests like you need 5 herbs, so you would set your variable to be how many herbs the player was carrying.
Switches are on / off